Guideline 4. Clarify natural language usage.
Use markup that facilitates pronunciation or interpretation of abbreviated or foreign text. When content developers mark up natural language changes in a document, speech synthesizers and braille devices can automatically switch to the new language, making the document more accessible to multilingual users. Content developers should identify the predominant natural language of a document’s content (through markup or HTTP headers). Content developers should also provide expansions of abbreviations and acronyms.Guideline 3. Use markup and style sheets and do so properly.
Mark up documents with the proper structural elements. Control presentation with style sheets rather than with presentation elements and attributes.2. Don’t rely on color alone.
Ensure that text and graphics are understandable when viewed without color. If color alone is used to convey information, people who cannot differentiate between certain colors and users with devices that have non-color or non-visual displays will not receive the information. When foreground and background colors are too close to the same hue, they may not provide sufficient contrast when viewed using monochrome displays or by people with different types of color deficits. Checkpoints:Guideline 1. Provide equivalent alternatives to auditory and visual content.
Provide content that, when presented to the user, conveys essentially the same function or purpose as auditory or visual content.5. Conformance to the W3C recommended guidelines.
This section defines three levels of conformance to this document: * Conformance Level “A”: all Priority 1 checkpoints are satisfied; * Conformance Level “Double-A”: all Priority 1 and 2 checkpoints are satisfied; * Conformance Level “Triple-A”: all Priority 1, 2, and 3 checkpoints are satisfied; Note. Conformance levels are spelled out in text so they may be understood when rendered to speech. Claims of conformance to the full set of Guidelines must use one of the following two forms. Form 1: Specify:4. Priorities
Each checkpoint has a priority level assigned by the Working Group based on the checkpoint’s impact on accessibility. [Priority 1] A Web content developer must satisfy this checkpoint. Otherwise, one or more groups will find it impossible to access information in the document. Satisfying this checkpoint is a basic requirement for some groups to be able to use Web documents. [Priority 2]3. How the Guidelines are Organized
This document includes fourteen guidelines, or general principles of accessible design. Each guideline includes: * The guideline number. * The statement of the guideline. * Guideline navigation links. Three links allow navigation to the next guideline (right arrow icon), the previous guideline (left arrow icon), or the current guideline’s position in the table of contents (up arrow icon). * The rationale behind the guideline and some groups of users who benefit from it. * A list of checkpoint definitions.2. Themes of Accessible Design
The guidelines address two general themes: ensuring graceful transformation, and making content understandable and navigable. 2.1 Ensuring Graceful Transformation By following these guidelines, content developers can create pages that transform gracefully. Pages that transform gracefully remain accessible despite any of the constraints described in the introduction, including physical, sensory, and cognitive disabilities, work constraints, and technological barriers. Here are some keys to designing pages that transform gracefully:1. Introduction
For those unfamiliar with accessibility issues pertaining to Web page design, consider that many users may be operating in contexts very different from your own:- They may not be able to see, hear, move, or may not be able to process some types of information easily or at all.
- They may have difficulty reading or comprehending text.
- They may not have or be able to use a keyboard or mouse.
- They may have a text-only screen, a small screen, or a slow Internet connection.